The term Administration and Management

In the event the work we do every day, whether consciously or not, we are always presented with two very popular term that is, the administration and management. As a small example, where when we do the maintenance of the documents (paper work) in the institutions, agencies, or offices that are usually at government offices, we will always be asked for compensation for the making of such paperwork with the term 'administrative costs', or for example when we will examined at the Hospital, then we will be asked to take care of first administration, which meant for patient registration and payment of medical expenses. Then when there was a factory worker who asked THR will be asked to wait for decisions from management and others.

So if a term is introduced to us already have the appropriate limits, so we truly understand the meaning and the difference between tatausaha administration, and management or administration. Because some of Bachelor of Administrative Sciences as Henry Fayol, someone mentioned him as Father of Administration scientifically, and some are saying he is the Father of Management scientifically-, Cyril O'Donell, and other GRTerry not provide a clear conception of the difference between the two. So the following I will try to give the formulation of these two terms that can reduce the deviation of understanding between the two.

1. Administration to Administration (Administration to Administratie) Administration comes from Latin word "ad" and "ministrare" which means to help, serve or fulfill. In English is "Administration", which remains used in Indonesian and translated into Administration. However, because for about 350 years of Dutch colonized Indonesia, then a lot of terms used terinfiltrasi Dutch into Indonesian, one example is the "Administratie" Pariatra according to Westra et al, the definition is the compilation Every information in a systematic and written records with the intent to obtain an overview of the information in its entirety and in relation to one another. In the Indonesian language, the understanding is essentially the notion of Tatausaha. According to the author's point of view, that it is a Tatausaha data collection and recording of information and systematically carried out in an organization to produce the required collection of information. So now can be understood, that the activities were included in tatausaha elements in the sense luasdan Administration is not a factor from the administration. Thus, if the activity is intended tatausaha activities, we should not use the term administration to avoid bias between these two terms.

2. Administration with Management (Administration to Management) As stated in the previous point, that the administration used the term until now are in English, the "administration". Some experts Administration defines different but literally have the same purpose. As according Leonald D. White, that the administration is a process that is usually found in all business groups, whether government or private business, whether civilian or military in small or large scale. Another well as by Herbert A. Simon, who in a broad sense is defined as the activities of a group of people who work together to achieve common goals. Then after a few revisions and improvements along with Drs. Sutarto, Drs. The Liang Gie administration defines as the entire circuit arrangement of the main work done by groups of people in the partnership achieving certain goals. Of some definitions, then the writer has its own restrictions on the definition of administration, namely: a process of business arrangements that arise when two or more people who have the same goal which then interact in an organization, a joint venture with using the tools and resources may be limited.

The scope of administrative activities is very broad, ie the entire process from determining the shape and goals of the organization, how to achieve goals, whoever is responsible for implementing these objectives, the implementation of process control, until the instrument or how to leverage limited resources. Basically, the scope of activities of this business arrangement is part of other disciplines, therefore the administration of science activities is limited only to the activities of the organization or execution of it-that direpresentatifkan with the business arrangement. Thus also, it can be concluded that the administrative activities in the strict sense is an activity undertaken by the administrators (directors) and in terms of breadth is the overall activities of the organization.

However, recently, the term administration is obscured by the term management, because of quick activities almost the same both in the constellation of the organization. Even some expert opinions Administration in the United States and England did not differentiate the two terms with the firm. Drs. Usman Tampubolon never give limits to two terms in the article entitled Development of Administrative Sciences (1974:17), when viewed from the point of the history of these terms as follows: that there are 2 levels of language known in the days of old Greek, the language of the The nobles, aristocrats, politicians, statesmen and rough language, the language of common people, traders, stevedore, and other coarse language of this latter is used by people who are living on the outskirts of the city then known as Italian. To interpret an effort led by the periphery (Italy) is called "maneggiare". As for The aristocrats, politicians, and statesmen for the same purpose the term "administrare". Overlap or confusion of this term is still followed today. To provide a clear distinction of the term, CPA (Central Development Administration) put the administration in a position with broad boundaries, and management is part of the administration. According to CPA, the administration is the whole process of organization or arrangement the main tasks of a business cooperation in a group of people towards a common goal. And limiting management as one of the only enterprise in terms of limiting the direct leadership of the people who work follows the direction of facilities so that all may go well. Regarding management, Koontz and O'Donnell gave a definition that management is trying to get things done with the efforts of others. GR Terry also later expressed his opinion that the management is to achieve a predetermined goal through the efforts of others. From this opinion, clearly the essence of management is to control activities and the utilization of available resources and conducted by a manager (leader). According to the author's view, that management is an activity and efforts to control the resources available in order to produce the effective and efficient.