Knowledge Management

The development of today's shows at the more rapid changes in all areas of life, a result of the effects of globalization and the development of information technology is accelerating. This condition clearly has resulted in the need for new ways of dealing with all that happened to keep survive. Emphasis will be increasingly important quality of human resources is one of the response in dealing with these changes, and this of course requires efforts to enhance and develop human resources.

In relation to the role of science become more prominent, because only with the Knowledge of all the changes that occur can be addressed appropriately. This means that education plays an important role in preparing qualified human resources and competitive. Tight global competition, especially in the economic field has made organizations rethink their business management strategies, and quality human resources with the mastery of knowledge become an important choice that must be done within the context of the

Knowledge has become something very decisive, therefore the acquisition and utilization need to be managed well in the context of improving organizational performance. This step is seen as something that is very strategic in the face of globalized competition, so that the neglect would be a disaster for the business world, and therefore needed a way which can integrate this knowledge within the framework of human resource development in organizations. From this evolved the term knowledge management as an important and strategic part in the management of human resources at the company / organization.

Knowledge is an individual property, but can be utilized by the organization while providing autonomy to the individual's development. In this connection, studying and learning becomes a key word in the knowledge capacity, thus making the individual as a learner is a necessary condition as part of efforts to improve organizational performance through organizational processes pengintegrasiannya. For that organizations need to develop itself into a learning organization, because only in such conditions the individual / employee can actually be human learners.

Importance of Learning Organization has long been a concern of the expert organization, especially since the publication of a book by Peter Senge "The Fifth Discipline" in 1990, besides that both organizations, business organizations and non-business also has tried to develop the concept in their efforts to make the organization competitive , and in that context, knowledge management becomes very important, because with proper management can be a formidable competitive force that is required once in the current global developments. This will be presented following the meaning of knowledge management by using the main reference book written by Christina Evans, entitled Managing for Knowledge HR's Strategic Role.

Managing Knowledge

Life in the information age where knowledge is seen as a strategic business asset requires knowledge management efforts in order to push for business development. Knowledge assets include:

· Asset structural

· Brand

· Relations with customers

· Patents

· Products

· Process operation

· Human assets include:

o The experience of employees

o Skills employees

o personal Relationships

Knowledge has become the primary business asset is driven by changes in technology and in global business. These changes have been made in human resource management orientation that focused on the tangible assets of attention shifted more focused on the intangible assets. This also means that the comparative advantage of Natural Resources based in the business of shifting the competitive advantage based on the quality of human resources, and in this context that knowledge becomes a very important asset in the management / human resource management.

Knowledge, according to Davenport is a liquid mixture of experience, values, contextual information, and expertise that provide the framework for assessing thinking and integrate experiences and new information. This means that knowledge is different from the information, so information in case of knowledge processes such as benchmarking, consequences, linking, and conversation. Knowledge can be divided into four types namely, a). knowledge of something; b) knowledge about doing something, c). knowledge to be yourself; and d). knowledge about how to work with others. Medium level of knowledge can be divided into three namely: 1) knowing how to implement; 2). Mengetahuai how to improve; and 3). Knowing how to integrate.

With the understanding of such knowledge, then knowledge management can be defined as follows: "the process of translating the lessons learned, which is in the self / mind of someone into information that can be used every person". In this context of professional human resource management view of knowledge as a guarantee obtained penngetahuan developed together with others in the organization. Thus, knowledge of the organization are fully available by providing the right environment, culture, structures and processes to motivate and encourage the sharing of knowledge at every level within the organization. So the main theme of manajemden knowledge is as follows:

o Learning

o Developing / sharing

o Placement of people in the right place and right time

o Making effective decisions

o Creativity

o Create a job so much easier

o Encouraging the growth of new businesses and business value

The stages in the development of knowledge management in organizations is as follows:

o Knowledge-chaotic (did not realize the concept, no process information, and no sharing of information)

o Knowledge-aware (aware of the need for knowledge management, knowledge management processes adabeberapa, there is technology, there is the issue of sharing information)

o Knowledge-enabled (use of knowledge management, standards adopted, issues relating to culture and technology)

o Knowledge-managed (integrated framework, realize the benefits, issues resolved in the previous stage)

o Knowledge-centric (knowledge management is part of the mission, the value of knowledge is recognized in the market capitalization, integrated knowledge management in the culture)

For organizations seeking to implement knowledge management within the organization need to realize first, that knowledge is in people and not on the system, although the system has the data and information that could assist the process of knowledge. Second, the creation of knowledge is a social process, created through the interaction between individuals in everyday life they are.